Jhansi is one of the beautiful cities in Uttar Pradesh. The city is synonymous with the name of Rani Jhansi. The history of Jhansi attracts tourists from all over the world. Ruled by the Chandela kings, Jhansi was previously known as Balwant Nagar. The main source of livelihood for the people is agriculture in rural area and tourism, commerce and trade and small-scale industries in urban area. Jhansi is a historic city in Uttar Pradesh. It lies in the region of Bundelkhand on the banks of the Pahuj River, in the extreme south of Uttar Pradesh called as the Gateway to Bundelkhand, it is situated between the rivers Pahuj and Betwa.

Jhansi is one of the regions ideally suited for industrial development. Jhansi is the major industrial hub in southern Uttar Pradesh. The major industrial setup in and around Jhansi includes BHEL Jhansi, Diamond Cement Ltd Factory, Baidyanath Factory, Government Cotton Mill Jhansi, Parichha Thermal Power Plant, Indian Hume Pipe Co. Ltd. Etc. Soft toy was selected under ODOP product of Jhansi District. In Jhansi district, the handloom industry is a significant source of employment. Particularly in Ranipur, Power loom textiles work is the most significant manufacturing activity.

Jhansi city is situated between the rivers Pahunj and Betwa between North longitudes 24°11´and 25°57´and East latitudes 78°10´and 79°25´ . Jhansi is well connected by a good network of roads. It is about 415 kilometres from New Delhi. It is situated on National Highway No.25 and 26. Jhansi is well connected with other major towns in Uttar Pradesh through a network of road, railway, and airport of Uttar Pradesh. Jhansi is a junction on the Mumbai-Delhi route. It is well linked by an excellent railway network. The North-South Corridor connecting Kashmir to Kanyakumari passes through Jhansi. It has an average elevation of 284 metres (935 feet). The city has an irregular boundary, northern being contiguous with that of district of Jalaun.

Located on a rocky plateau at an altitude of 211 metres above sea level, the inclination of the natural slope from North to South, it is bordered by the tarai plains of Uttar Pradesh. The East-West corridor also goes through the city, so there has been a sudden rush to infrastructure and real estate development in the city. The land here is best suited for the cultivation of fruits and crops of wheat, oilseeds, pulses and peas. The Government has built Rajghat Canal to enable irrigation to the farms in and around Jhansi. There are 4 types of soils found in the Jhansi district affecting agriculture patterns and crops harvesting. Those types are Rakar, Parwa, Kabar, Mar. Parwa - Loam to sandy in texture. Colour varies grey to brownish and deep red to reddish grey. Medium depth (40-75 cm). These soils are although poor in organic matter but quite productive and it makes 53.35% of area. Approx. 14 crops (Wheat, gram, Peas, Lentil, Mustard, Linseed, maize, Jowar, Urd, Moong, Til Rice, Soya Beans and Ground nut are being cultivated in the district. The total forest area in the district of Jhansi is 34,598 hectares. The difference in precipitation between the driest month and the wettest month is 284 mm (11.18 inches). The average temperatures vary during the year by 15°C during winter to 35°C during summer. The month with the highest relative humidity is August (80.42 %). The month with the lowest relative humidity is April (24.13 %). The month with the highest number of rainy days is August (21.93 days). The month with the lowest number of rainy days is November (1.00 days).

Over the period, industrial development in Jhansi has gained momentum in the set-up of variety of industrial units, simultaneously the policy has also created a conducive and friendly environment. The district has around 9413 functional units that employs around 39786 individuals. The key enterprises of the district include Food and beverage service activities, other personal service activity, crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities, Land transport and transport via pipelines.

The industrial Landscape of the district is as follows: The below dataset has been analysed based on the Udyog Aadhar Registration (UAR) and their current status. As given in the following table, MSME industries across the sectors of Crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities food and beverage service activities, land transport and transport via pipelines, retail trade are the key economy drivers of the district. The number of units for food & beverage industries & other personal activities contribute most in terms of its size, which is approximately 9.38% and 8.79% respectively. Land transport and transport via pipelines & civil engineering contributes ~13.14% & 13.25% respectively to revenue, but other personal service activities have registered highest among all the enterprises and ~10.19% of work force is employed in this vertical. Basis the analysis of above (Table 2), it has been observed that key driving sectors in the Jhansi district are Civil Engineering, Food & beverage service activities and Land transport & transport via pipelines sector have manufacturing/ service units as much as ~1537 and they are the most prominent (~37. 96%) and major economy contributing sector of the district. It is followed by sectors such as “Construction of building & “Crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities & Other professional, scientific and technical activities” with 1225 units and 21.07% of investment. Figure 4: MSME landscape of the district According to 2011 census , out of total population of 1,998,603 approx. 814,914 of them are the working population. In the working population , 68.99% are working in other industries, 28.1% are cultivators and 30.4% agricultural labourers to the total workers census and only 6.0% are household industry workers.

In an analysis, the dataset made available by the DGFT, GoI shows that total exports from Jhansi stands approximately at INR 89.98 Crore. And it has been reported within a period of 15 months i.e., between September 2020 to November 2021.

The below Table no. 4, highlights the summary of the major products exported between the period Sep’ 20 - Nov 2021 and total exports amount (INR) has been derived from the dataset made available by the DGFT, GoI. ;
The following table depicts the value of export (INR) of major products from Jhansi:

The Soft Toys is the product declared under Program One district, One Product (ODOP) for Jhansi district.

The Soft Toys is the product declared under Program One district, One Product (ODOP) for Jhansi district. The artisans engaged in manufacturing of soft toys, majority of them are women. Usually, these women are the part of several Self-Help-Groups, where several members women are skilled. Khatibaba is one of the clusters where women are engaged in the manufacturing of colourful, dynamic, fluffy soft toys. Nagra, near Medical, Rajgarh and Ambabai are few clusters manufacturing soft toys in different sizes ranging from miniature to big enough soft, fluffy and plush soft toys as well.

Stuffed toys (Cartoon Toys, Traditional Stuffed Animals, Battery Operated, Dolls & Playsets, Customizable Stuffed Animals) are products made out of textile fabrics or yarns and stuffed with a soft material, intended for use in play by children and adolescents. In the age of wide array of toy manufacturing which includes traditional, conventional, scientific, electronics and software based intelligent; Soft Toys have now become a niche part of childhood, as they aid in physiological, mental, and emotional development. The activities and control, that are required to understand and operate varying types of playthings, instil a sense of shape and colours, enhance cognitive abilities, and improve creativity.
The modern products in the cluster are categorized as Cartoon Toys, Battery Operated, Dolls & Playsets, Customizable Stuffed Animals, Action figures, Special feature plush and puppets. They have additionally indulged in product diversification by fabricating new lines of innovative products, like School bags with the chambers used by the students, fluffy pillow, based on historical themes and iconic personalities, for educational purposes etc.

The following are the key products manufactured in the cluster:
► Cartoon Toys: One of the major products sold in Cartoon toys is soft toys imitating caricature. The soft toys fall under this category is quite popular among children of age group around 18 years. Children of this age groups are fond of such soft toys, they fondle/cuddle and play around them and the activities support emotionally them. Hence the demands witnessed more vigorous and help to slip out such items in relatively high flow. Outer rich, dynamic and vibrant fabrics materials to the soft toys adds lucrative look have gained popularity in the recent years due to its durability, affordable rates and easily availability. Moreover, they are widely available in numerous colours and weaving pattern. ;

► Customized stuffed (Animals, icons, various other themes): The soft toys have shot into prominence in recent two decades back as it targets to children and adolescent age group especially focussed to the girls and plush families who like to adorn the home and rooms with such fluffy soft toys. Thus, Soft Toys have become a unique symbol of confluence of old and modern traditions. Moreover, it can be picked for any occasions as gifts, educational purposes and entertainment (kids).
► Action figures: Currently, Historical iconic personalities are the most preferred theme for soft toys. Recently a prototype of Queen Laxmi Bai received overwhelming warmth and orders. The seamless craft and sewing which functions multi-purpose actions are new entry this niche market. Soft toys embroidery has a repertoire of about inward stitches and beautiful punching of which
► still being used. These can be broadly divided into 3 heads - Inward stitches, Out punches and embossed stitches. Some of these have equivalents in other embroideries, the rest are manipulations that make them distinctive and unique. They cover all the embroidery stitches of the country and have interesting and descriptive names. Soft Toys of Jhansi products are mentioned in below table:

Till date, No GI tag application has been forwarded to the office of Controller general of patents, Designs and Trademarks Chennai office which functions under Department for promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce & Industry, GoI. ;

The stakeholders include raw materials (Polynex- stuffing materials) supplier and other secondary materials namely Thread, Needle, eyelets and exterior cloths. These primary and secondary materials sourced from Local retailers and traders based in far off commercial cities like Delhi, Agra and Kanpur. Financial institutions (Banks and Fintech) support through providing loans to the enterprise.

Following are four principal Industry Associations/SPVs that are working for the development of Soft Toys in Jhansi:
► The All-India Toys Manufacturers’ Association (TAITMA)
► Toys Association of India (TAI)
► Interior Touche
► Verangana Soft Toys
► DG Art & Culture Foundation ;

The following table lists the HS codes under which the products are exported from the district:;

The export scenario of India and Uttar Pradesh have been analysed basis the export statistics of HSN codes mentioned above in which Soft Toys, Textbooks, Electric Transformers & components, Parts of Flour Mills products (Flour Mill Stones) and Aluminium Labels and other components are exported. ;
Alongside are the key facts pertaining to the analysed product codes. Based on our analysis, we have identified key synergies that should be developed to expand our current reach and potential; These synergies are divided into immediate and long term. The immediate synergies include countries with Signed FTA’s, high growth potential, and one is catered by India and not UP. Whereas the long-term synergies include countries with untapped market potential which can only be fulfilled if UP’s exporters comply and raise the quality of the product to the highest standards, freight rates are more subsidized and major efforts is required in marketing which will require time to accommodate the same.

► Presently, the export value of Soft Toys products from Jhansi is zero. However, amongst other products being exported from Jhansi are Electrical transformers & components, Tallows, Textbooks, Aluminium panels and Ultramarine powers (dye) of value approx. INR 89.98 crore in year 2020-21.
► In an interaction with exporters of electrical transformers whose units are engaged into manufacturing of various components which handles different thresholds of energy in ranges from 500 to 50,000 KVA. It has demand for the design depends on a lot with the greater interactions and assessing their needs & condition. On other hand, various countries need the medication components in forms of plant origin having various intermediary components.

► The cluster has tremendous export potential for soft toy products, but owing to lack of proper market assessment mechanism, changing design patterns, export quality
► Hygienic stuff materials & exterior fabric material, specific demand preferences.
► Key concerns expressed over facilities lacking on namely, organisation of buyers and sellers meets, robust IT-based platform for virtual meet and communication, Testing & Certification facilities which could enhance export possibilities and potential manifolds.
► Hence, it was pointed out in a stakeholder’s discussion that the proper study of the foreign market, region specific demand patterns to be ascertained. Along with that, a common platform to be created where there can be an integration between the exporters and importers, thereby making the export ecosystem robust and effective.

Soft Toys- HSN Code 600532 : As per trade indicators, India's exports growth represents between 2016-2020 approx. 0.1% of the global exports value USD 1,408 Thousand for this product code ranking in 37th in world exports, behind Malaysia. The worlds‘ exports value remained 2016 is USD 2,084,225 Thousand and in 2020 is USD 5,635 Thousand respectively. ;
Product 600532: Uttar Pradesh exports this product to Russia, Greece, USA, Italy, Denmark, Australia, France, Nepal, Sri Lanka. Below figure shows the top importers for this product (600532) in the world:

Product Diversification is one of the most crucial product uplifting strategies which is an important part of a product’s export. This plays a vital role in any products’ export; as it is a product uplifting strategy. Most artisans are not bothered about changing their product range and they fail to understand that it is an integral part of comprehensive marketing. Diversification can be brought in the cluster by:

► Development of a new products: The artisans of the district should be encouraged to diversify the product categories and must be provided with enough resources to create innovative products without losing the ancestral essence of the craft. The artisans going forward should focus on creating Educational backed themes, battery operated plush toys, Soft toys with certification entailing eco-friendly and hygienic.
► Modifications of Existing Products: It has also been found that most of the artisans use no strategy for making modifications to the existing products in the light of design and fusion. The artisans can make fusion products by blending fabric prints. They can also expand in terms of the materials they use for making the products by introducing cotton and other friendly materials into their product range.

Jhansi is an iconic & historic city in the state of Uttar Pradesh. It lies in the region of Bundelkhand on the bank of the Pahuj River, in the extreme south of Uttar Pradesh. Jhansi is administrative headquarter of the district and called as the Gateway to Bundelkhand.

- Domestic (21.84%) - Foreign (6.31%) Share of UP in India’s Tourism Jhansi is an iconic & historic city in the state of Uttar Pradesh. It lies in the region of Bundelkhand on the bank of the Pahuj River, in the extreme south of Uttar Pradesh. Jhansi is administrative headquarter of the district and called as the Gateway to Bundelkhand. Jhansi is one of famous and renown destination and hotspot where tourist footfalls are considerably high. Jhansi lies on Bundelkhand circuit where 5 notable other historical cities Bithoor, Chitrakoot, Jhansi, Kalinjar and Mahoba lie, it await & welcomes the tourists with rich heritage of cultural legacy with folk dances and culinary.
The district has numerous centres of attraction with historical and religious significance which allures many travellers from different parts of country as well as world. Jhansi fort situates on the top of a hill has thick granite walls and several bastions with mounted cannons. It includes the Rani Mahals which was the living quarters of Rani Laxmi Bai. Maharaja Gangadhar Rao ki Chhatari, is dedicated and named after Maharaja Gangadhar Rao, the Maratha king that ruled Jhansi in the 19th century. This monument was built by the Rani Laxmi Bai for her husband in 1853 in a typical Maratha style. The rich culture and heritage of Jhansi attracts tourists from India as well as other part of the world. The place is an important part of Bundelkhand circuit and as a result a lot of tourists comes from China and Sri Lanka. Nearby city Oraccha (Orachha Forte complex Built in the 16th-century by Bundela Dynasty’s famous King – Rudra Pratap Singh, Orchha boasts of a mix of Bundela as well as Mughal style of architecture, thanks to the closeness between the King of Bundela Dynasty, and the then Mughal emperor Jahangir) chosen as City by UNESCO Orchha, in Madhya Pradesh, has been selected to enter the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Millions of tourists visit here throughout the year due to various festivals as Shravan Maas, Shivratri and Bundeli Mahotasav attracts millions of National Tourists throughout the year.

Jhansi has strategic location and connectivity to the important heritage, scenic beauty spot of Bundelkhand. It acts as a gateway of the Bundelkhand. There are 13 districts fall in Bundelkhand region; 6 districts are stretched out in Uttar Pradesh and 7 districts of Madhya Pradesh as well. Three national highways NH-3, NH-25 and NH-76 pass through the city. The surface transport road network about 420 kilometres (261 mi) from New Delhi and 102 kilometres (63 mi) south of Gwalior. Jhansi is well connected to all other major towns in Uttar Pradesh by road and railway networks. Jhansi is a major road and rail junction and is the administrative seat of Jhansi District and Jhansi Division. ;
Bundelkhand Expressway is a 296 km long, 4-lane wide (expandable to 6) access-controlled expressway with Near Bharatkoop at Jhansi-Prayagraj National Highway Number-35 in district Chitrakoot and it ends at Near village Kudrail in district Etawah on Agra-Lucknow expressway. Also, The North-South Corridor connecting Kashmir to Kanyakumari passes through Jhansi. It has an average elevation of 284 metres (935 feet). In addition, the city is well connected to all other major towns in Uttar Pradesh by road and railway networks. It is about 423 km from Delhi and 292 km from Lucknow, and the gateway to Bundelkhand.

There are numerous hotspots across Bundelkhand region; Jhansi is one of them which witnessed a considerable number of tourists footfalls. Jhansi facilitates tourists as transition point for various famous religious sites namely Khajuraho. ;

Jhansi being a prominent territory was ruled by kings from the Bundela clan, Maratha Peshwas, Mughals, each of whom have influenced the culture heritage in various art and art forms, folk dances that one can witness at various quarters in the district of Jhansi. However, it is obvious that due to the geographic proximity and cultural similarities Jhansi identifies itself with the Bundeli customs, traditions and cultural norms. ;

► Badhai Dance: This dance form is practiced on any happy occasion be it marriage or childbirth or other gatherings of gaiety.
► Rai Dance: It is unique among all dance forms where the inspiration is of a humble mustard seed twirling in a saucer. The dancers synchronize their movements according to the drumbeats. Both complement and compete with each other with the beats and movements.
► Akhara Dance: It is the dance form in combination with martial arts. Here the dancers perform with bamboo sticks and while moving to the beats of the dholak and manjeera.
► Jawara Dance: It is a vibrant dance form which is performed to celebrate good harvest. Women dressed in colourful clothes balance basket of jawar on their head while dancing to the steps of music.
► Norta Dance: It is performed by young girls during the time of Navaratri that signifies the victory of good over the wilful demon.
► Diwari Dance: It is performed in devotion to Lord Krishna where the boys dressed as cowherd boys perform the dance about a fortnight before Diwali.

► Jhansi Mahotsav is celebrated on a grand scale during February and March. Various cultural and literary activities are showcased in the Mahotsav.
► The Shilp Mela conducted here is an exhibition that showcases the craft and art forms by master craftsmen from the region of Bundelkhand.
► Bundeli dance forms are performed by renowned artistes and promoted on a special stage called Bundeli Manch. ;

► Poori Laddus: These are made on festivals or calling (bulua). Big and thick puris of gram flour are baked in oil and finely medi (meenji) is made with hands. They are then filtered through a sieve and roasted in a little ghee. After that, the incident of sugar or jaggery is put and tied with hands. Sugar ladoos become more delicious, the use of jaggery is useful. In some places, cardamom or black pepper is also grinded and mixed for the purpose of enhancing the taste.;

► Aawariya: The dried gooseberry buds are roasted in ghee or oil and ground on the cob. Dissolve gram flour in water and put it on the stove in a vessel and put this powder of gooseberries in it. It becomes more delicious in earthen pot i.e., handi. Common spices like red chili, cumin, onion and garlic are grounded and added in the mixture. After frying this mixture of spices in oil or ghee, it is better if the batter is stirred in the gram flour.
► Hingora: It is derived from asafoetida. In the absence of mata, the gram flour solution is cooked by stirring a little asafoetida. Add common salt. It is a type of whey free curry. It also happens to be heavy on delicious.
► Thopa: Mix gram flour in water and cook it like pudding in a pan. Add salt, chilli, garlic, cumin and onion chopped to it. When it becomes thick after cooking like pudding, then leave a little oil. When cooked, apply oil on a plate or hand and apply it by hand. When applied like barfi or pudding, small katris are made. They are eaten like this and also in whey. By putting it in the pan, eat it like a vegetable (greens) even from roti.
► Bafauri: It is derived from the word 'vapor'. In Bundeli 'vaap' is called baf and bhaf (somewhere steamu). Filling water in an earthen or metal vessel, tie a clean cloth on its mouth. Boil it on fire. When the steam starts coming out, then gram flour dumplings are baked on it. These dumplings are cooked in a pan by stirring a mixture of garlic, onion, coriander, turmeric and chili spices in ghee or oil. It is also a type of herb.
► Thomar: Grind the jowar with a pestle in the oven and make porridge. Then it is cooked in whey like porridge on the stove in a metal or earthen vessel, a little salt is also added. It is eaten plain as well as with milk-jaggery or milk sugar.
► Maheri: It is also made like a thimmar. Jowar porridge (ground by a stone mill) is crushed (cooked) in whey. Put a little salt. It becomes more delicious in earthen pots. It is also eaten plain or with sweet milk. This is the favourite food of Lodhi and Ahir castes. It is made more in winter nights and eaten in the morning. Stale mehri becomes more delicious.

Jhansi is the part of Bundelkhand tourism circuit. Below are the major touristic hotspots fall in the circuit. Tour operators are a major constituent of and drivers for the tourism industry. Tour operators and the mobile transportation infrastructure is extremely inter-linked; the latter cover rail, airlines, buses, and taxis for longer distances (and for within city/site locations there are additionally cycle rickshaws etc.) ;

Jhansi is the gateway of Bundelkhand with rich heritage of amalgamation of traditional, plain cultures. There are numerous, hotel & motels, traditional and modern serving restaurants located closer to the heart of the city which caters and accommodate foreign tourists. To get the taste of authentic Bundeli food, head to the main market area. There are around 200 hotels of various budgets from 4 star rated to moderate and low budget hotels in Jhansi and numerous tour operators. There is average foreign tourist influx in Jhansi approx. 1,42,373 in a year and detailed as below:
Foreign Tourist Inflow in Jhansi Region
► As is evident from the above table, that there is a continuous growth observed till 2019, (exception for 2020, due to global pandemic of corona virus and worldwide lockdown) the footfall in the tourist influx to Jhansi and it is supporting in different allied sectors of Jhansi.
► Other than Hotels and Restaurants, the handicrafts such as Brass work, Garments (Handloom) are also popular amongst the tourist, impact of Handloom (garments) is considerably high as much as 60 Crore in a year.
► Jhansi owing to its rich traditional historical and religious build ups, attracts more than 5 lakh domestic and international tourists each year . The peak season is regarded as October to March with tourist inflow being 60% of the total domestic tourist coming in a year while for a foreign tourist it is 71%. The average stay is 2-3 days for both domestic and foreign tourists .
► The cluster is not limited to service sector as the same is indirectly supporting marketing of Handloom products, Textile, Food and Beverages, Beauty and wellness products as well.

Historical monuments and Recreational hotspots of Jhansi ;

The Jhansi fort, a living testimony of ancient glamor and valour, also has a fine collection of sculptures which provide an excellent inside into the eventful history of Bundelkhand. The fort of Maharani Jhansi has strategic importance since the earliest of times. It was built by Raja Bir Singh Ju Deo (1606-27) of Orchha on a rocky hill. The fort has ten gates (Darwaza). ;

Parichha Dam is more than 100 years old marvel of engineering, built on the Betwa River near Parichha town, which is about 25 km from Jhansi on the Jhansi-Kanpur National Highway- 25. It is a hotspot destination for the tourist due to its reservoir – a placid. ;

St. Jude’s Church is located in the Civil Lines of Jhansi, which is a famous tourist destination for Catholic Christians. The shrine was built in 1947 as a temporary chapel. It has the shrine of St. Jude was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ chosen to spread the gospels of Christianity. ;

The scenic spot ‘Baruasagar’ has been named after a large lake called Baruasagar Tal. This lake was created about 260 years ago when it was built by Maharaj Udot Singh. The dam of the lake is made of stone feet, in which beautiful staircase ghats have been made. In the north-eastern side of the dam, a large ubela (pankhi) has been formed, from which more water flows out from the filling. The view of the water coming out is very attractive and visible.;

Rani Mahal, Palace of Rani Lakshmi Bai embellished with multi coloured art and painting on its walls and ceilings. Presently this palace is converted into a museum. It has a massive collection of Sculptures of the period between the 9th and 12th Centuries AD, housed here by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).;

The State Museum established in 1878 has a fine collection of terracotta, bronzes, Weapons, Sculptures, Manuscripts, Painting and Coins of Gold, Silver maintained by one of archaeological gems of India. ;

The over 100-year-old Sukwa Dukwan dam is 50 km off from Jhansi. It has been recognised as World Heritage structure by International commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID). This is a British era engineering marvel for being an innovative structure that helped boost agriculture and economic development in water stressed Bundelkhand. ;

Apart from the lake, Barua Sagar is home to several ruins of Barua Sagar forts and temples that were once the glory of the city. Named after Barua Sagar Tal, which is an alluring neighbouring lake, the town is of great historical significance. With breath taking views from the vantage point of its hilly platforms, Barua Sagar is the perfect spot for trekking.;

The Textbooks is one of the products being exported to various countries from Jhansi. The state-of-art unit already been set up with a capacity of 1 lakh textbooks printing facility in a month. The unit is functional and operating at Bijauli pocket of Jhansi.

The Textbooks is one of the products being exported to various countries from Jhansi. The state-of-art unit already been set up with a capacity of 1 lakh textbooks printing facility in a month. The unit is functional and operating at Bijauli pocket of Jhansi. On the quality side, the textbooks printed conforms standard quality of parameters of brilliance and lustres of paper leaf, colour illustrations and environment friendly papers in the textbooks. Once the textbooks get ready, it adheres to set qualities and array of activities leading to binding works and completed before the completion of production process. In most case, these textbooks are the niche product for school/college/university sector. ;
The demand of printed textbooks in India has been propelled by the growth of 8.8% in 2010, the reading habits of the burgeoning Indian middle class, increase in literacy rates and top of all - a young and knowledge hungry population. Today the demand drivers for education are based on the fact that India is a young nation which has a population of 400 million between the ages of 5 to 24. It is expected that this will lead to a double-digit growth of the book segment. Jhansi has grown as one of potential centre exporting Printed Books especially for schools to the several foreign countries especially to African continent and European countries. Few organisations are involved in printing and exporting various range of low-cost books to several countries. Pintambara books Pvt Limited is the only manufacturer with all modern facilities and upgraded set of high-quality printing machines based in Jhansi engaged in printing of textbooks. It is one of them that has registered a robust growth in export of printed books in last few years. They export school textbooks of good quality with brightness and whiteness of the paper.

Following are four principal Industry Associations/SPVs that are working for the development of Textbooks printing:
► All India Federation of Master Printers (AIFMP)
► All India Printing Ink Manufacturers’ Association (AIPIMA)
► Indian Printing and Publishing Industry and Trade Associations (IPPITA) ;

HSN codes under which the product is exported from the district.;

The export scenario of India and Uttar Pradesh have been analysed basis the export statistics of HSN code 49011010 under which printed books are exported. Alongside are the key facts (below table 16) pertaining to the analysed product code. In 2020-21, India exported textbook of INR 157,659 crore to 98 countries under HSN code (49011010) , whereas Uttar Pradesh has its share of approx. INR 33,310 Crore. India's exports represent 6.9% of world (~183 countries) exports for this product, its ranking in world exports is 4th. India has export value in USD (‘000) stood as USD 187,054 in 2016 and USD 172,963 in 2017, USD 232,727 in 2018, USD 238,212 in 2019 and USD 157,659 in 2020. ;

► The total exports of textbooks from Jhansi district were INR 41.76 Cr. in 15 months i.e., between Sep 2020 to Nov 2021.
► Whereas Uttar Pradesh has total export value of INR 33,310 Cr. (INR 33.10 thousand Cr) and it is being exported to 98 countries.
► The total exports of textbooks from India to world countries were around USD 157,659 Thousand in year 2020-21.
► India's exports represent 6.9% of world exports for this product, its ranking in world exports is 4th.
► Top 10 countries whom India exported printed books to USA, UK, Nigeria, Russian federation, UAE, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Brazil and Netherlands.
► The countries focused on textbooks exported from Uttar Pradesh is Ethiopia, Guinea, Sudan, S. Arabia, USA, Brazil, Ghana, UK and Pakistan.
► Other prominent products exported from Jhansi district are Transformer components such Silica gel breather, Engineering goods, ultramarine blue dye for washing purposes etc.
Import for the product Textbooks for HSN code 49011010: India imports this product to UK, USA, China, Germany, Singapore, S Korea, Russia, Hongkong, UAE and Australia etc. Below figure shows the top importers for textbooks product in the world:

Product Diversification – The Industry may focus on export of value-added items like Calendar, Magazines, School Textbooks, children’s books, religious books etc. to generate additional revenue.

The state is a leading producer in manufacturing of engineering goods. There are about 50 manufacturing units in Jhansi that manufacture various components used in the heavy electrical transformer set up. Silica Gel Breather is one of such components manufactured and being supplied to a wide number of clients and exported to approx. 15 countries namely Australia, UAE, New Zealand, UK and other countries of Europe.

The state is a leading producer in manufacturing of engineering goods. There are about 50 manufacturing units in Jhansi that manufacture various components used in the heavy electrical transformer set up. Silica Gel Breather is one of such components manufactured and being supplied to a wide number of clients and exported to approx. 15 countries namely Australia, UAE, New Zealand, UK and other countries of Europe. Some of the large-scale industries in the district are Yogya Industries, Digital and Smart Grid Enterprises, BHEL (Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited), Vinayak electric India which manufactures the transformers and various components.

The engineering goods being manufactured in Jhansi is having demand from domestic market as well as international market too. There are multiple engineering goods manufacturers in Jhansi, who export their products to Italy, Germany, USA, Australia, UK etc. The product portfolio of the cluster is well diversified. However, export is undertaken through only 2-3 HSN codes unlike the Ghaziabad cluster which undertake its exports under 50 different HSN codes. The engineering goods industry of Jhansi is evolving as a hub in manufacturing of transformers and its various components. Most of the units in Jhansi have its own distribution network and marketing channels. These distribution channels help to supply their products to the local retailers around the country. These units also work on order-based model, which generates repeat orders in future too.

In the electrical transformer portfolio, water cooled transformers, Medium voltage current transformer, isolation transformers, open delta, dry type, industrial, oil filled transformers, K-rate transformers, Electronic Transformer, Voltage transformer, dielectric liquid transformer have multiple products under this sector. ;
The key products are:
► Casted iron and steel products (tubes, pipes and hollow profiles and tube or pipe fittings)
► Structural metal products (Metal doors, windows and frames, shutters, gates, similar articles used on buildings; metal frameworks or skeletons for construction; industrial frameworks in metal)
► Tanks, reservoirs, and containers of metal (for compressed or liquefied gas, central heating boilers and radiators, parts, and accessories)
► Auxiliary plants for use with boiler (condensers, economizers, superheaters, steam collectors and accumulators)
► Metal fasteners (non-threaded - nails, washers, etc.) and (threaded nuts, bolts, screws, etc.), Metal parts of electric transformers, ballasts, electric motors.
► Electronic and electric insulated wires/ cables (made of steel, copper, aluminium)
► Metal bearings, gears, gearing and driving elements

The cluster comprises of support institutions that can be broadly classified into three categories – trade and industry association, educational and training institutions, and other institutions. The trade and industry associations of the cluster assist industries in getting clearances and approvals, solving issues regarding industrial infrastructure, providing information on latest government schemes etc. Educational and training institute provide training to labours and assist in addressing availability of skilled labour. Other institutions comprise banks and logistics service providers.Following are main Industry Associations that are working for the development of Engineering Goods sector: ;

► Indian Industries Association (IIA)
► Engineering Export Promotion Council (EEPC)
► All India Manufacturers’ Organization (AIMO)
► Exporters Association
► Industrial Area Manufacturers’ Association (AIMA)
► The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM)
► Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)
► Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI)

Below table have details of various HSN codes under which electrical transformers and various components are exported from the district.;

The export scenario of the World and India have been analysed on the basis of export statistics of 5 HSN codes (85042310, 85042200, 85042320, 85043400 & 85049010), under which electrical Transformers (Liquid dielectric), parts of electrical transformers (Silica gel breathers) goods are exported. Alongside are the key facts pertaining to the analysed product code. ;

► The total export value of Electrical Transformer goods and components (HSN codes 85042310, 85042200, 85042320, 85043400 & 85049010) from Jhansi district is around INR 41.72 crore for the period of September 2020 to November 2021.
► For HSN Code 85042310, India's exports represent 2.1% of world exports for this product, its ranking in world exports is 13th. For HSN code 85042200, India's exports represent 2.3% of world exports for this product, its ranking in world exports is 11th. Whereas exports for HSN code 85043400, India's exports represent 1.3% of world exports and its ranking in world exports
► is 15th & for HSN code 850490, India's exports represent 2.3% of world exports for this product, its ranking in world exports is 11th.

► Other prominent products exported from Jhansi district are Medicine components, Aluminium panel labels etc.
► HSN codes 85042310, 85042200, 85042320, 85043400 & 85049010 covers the articles electrical transformers and various components are: o For HSN code 85042310; India majorly exports to the countries Bangladesh, Nepal, Angola. o For HSN code 85042320; India exported this product to USA, China, Oman, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Sweden, Vietnam, Germany, Italy, UK, Canada, Belgium, France, Czech Republic etc. o For HSN code 85043400; India exports to Bangladesh, Algeria, Bhutan, Nepal, UAE, Philippines, Vietnam, Zambia and Oman. o For HSN Code 85049010; India exports the parts of electrical transformers and inductors to the countries USA, Germany, China, Oman, S. Arabia, France, UAE, Sweden, Vietnam, Indonesia. Below figure shows the top importers for this product are:

The following are the key areas for development of the product category and cluster:
► Creation of strong linkages with Government departments like Railway, Defense, Aerospace etc. for them to act as permanent buyers
► Focus on creation of product prototypes basis sectors of potential buyers and their demand
► Improving the competitiveness, product quality, efficiency of the cluster etc., by incorporating lean manufacturing, Zero Defect Zero Effect techniques etc. Schemes such as CLCS-TUS of DC-MSME can be utilized for the same

Uttar Pradesh is the leading state in production of the agriculture cereal products like rice, wheat and other cereals namely Pulses, Peas, other leguminous products which need the flour mills in order to make the products worth consuming by grinding it. In Jhansi, the parts of flour mill have witnessed their export to various countries.

Uttar Pradesh is the leading state in production of the agriculture cereal products like rice, wheat and other cereals namely Pulses, Peas, other leguminous products which need the flour mills in order to make the products worth consuming by grinding it. In Jhansi, the parts of flour mill have witnessed their export to various countries. HSN code (84335200) deals in threshing machinery (excluding combine harvester-threshers) and approximate export turnover of the parts of the flour mills is INR 81.82 Lakh and HSN code 73259100 (Grinding balls and similar articles for mills, cast (excluding such articles of non-malleable) fetch export worth INR 15.00 Lakh between Sep’ 20 to Nov 2021 i.e., within a period of 15 months. There are few industries namely BHEL (Bharat Heavy Engineering Limited) and others which are engaged in manufacturing the products and exporting from district Jhansi.

Export of threshing machinery (excluding combine harvester-threshers) and grinding balls and similar articles for mills, cast (excluding such articles of non-malleable) are exported with HSN code 84335200 & 73259100 Parts of the threshing Machineries used as a component of the assembly for the flour mills. In practice, the flour mills are found in each village as dwellers needs the cereals be grinded before consumptions. The wheat is cultivated in clayey soil and is highly sought after for its physical characteristics. Its high gluten strength and uniform golden colour makes it ideal for bread making and pasta preparation unlike the softer commercially high yielding wheat, which lacks the strength and consistency of durum. Today, India is exporting enough of all types of wheat and extensive research efforts are underway for improving its cereals and grain output in the years to come. Wheat cultivation has traditionally been dominated by the northern region of India. With a production reaching ten times in past five years, India is today the second largest wheat producer in the entire world. Various studies and research show that wheat and wheat flour play an increasingly significant role in the management of India’s food economy.

Following are principal Industry Associations that are working for the development of Rice:
► Indian Industries Association (IIA)
► Engineering Export Promotion Council (EEPC)
► All India Manufacturers’ Organization (AIMO)
► Exporters Association
► Industrial Area Manufacturers’ Association (AIMA)
► The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM)
► Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)
► Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) ;

Threshing machinery and similar articles (grinding balls etc) are being exported under HSN code 84335200 & 73259100 and generates export of INR ~0.97 lakhs for Jhansi district. ;

The export scenario of World and India have been analysed basis the export statistics of HSN code 84335200 & 73259100 under which spare components of the flour mills (stone) are being exported from Jhansi district. India is leader in export of these products, India contributes 41.8% of world’s export for this product and stands as a largest exporting country for the product (HSN code 84335200 & 73259100) . ;

HSN Code 73259100 for Spare parts flour mills (Grinding balls and similar articles for mills, cast (excluding such articles of non-malleable):
► The total exports of product from Jhansi district as per HSN code 73259100 are around INR 81.83 Lakhs in the period September’2020 to November 2021.
► India's exports represent 41.8% of world exports for this product, its ranking in world exports is 1.
► India exported of value USD 221,844 thousand this product to Indonesia, Australia, Canada, Ghana, South Africa, USA, Philippines, Mexico, and UK etc.
► Uttar Pradesh exported this product value INR 63,472.4 crore in four years i.e., 2017- 2021.
► The biggest export value of INR 12,280 crore routed through port NHAVA SHEVA sea. HSN Code 84335200 for spare parts flour mills (Threshing machinery excluding combine harvester-threshers):
threshers):
► The total exports of product from Jhansi district as per HSN code 84335200 are around INR 39.83 Lakh in the period September’2020 to November 2021.
► India's exports represent 2.2% of world exports for this product, its ranking in world exports is 7th.
► India exported of value USD 5,452 thousand this product to African countries mostly i.e., Nepal, Sudan, Ghana, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Zambia, Namibia, and Senegal etc.
► Uttar Pradesh exported this product value INR 3.16 crore in four years i.e., 2017- 2021. The biggest export value of 1 Cr. routed to Nepalgunj. India's imports represent negligible (~0.34%) of world imports for this product, its ranking in world imports is 113. Australia, USA, Canada, S. Africa, Panama, Ghana, Peru, Brazil and S. Arabia are the top importer countries globally. Below figure shows the top importers for this product (73259100) in the world: